Prepositions

Behind the car stood the guard. Along the road, travelled the car. Above the bridge, the factory towers. Below the bridge flows the river. On top of the rail, the bird was perched. Across the horizon, the city spreads. Beside the bridge stood the watchtower.

Noun Phrases

The cold lonely river flowed through the forest towards the horizon.

Simple sentence: doesn’t use words such as and or but to join them.

The man walks down the street. The centre of the city intersection was desolate. Rubbish floats across the streets. The man appreciates the emptiness of the streets.

Relative Clause: Joining sentences using which, that, who and whose

Complex Sentence:

The man, who walked down the middle of the road, was humming to himself.

The man, whose suit was itchy against his skin, walked down the middle fo the road.

The dull classroom walls were barren. The classroom was often unmanageably noisy. The only sign of life was the occupants of the room.  The whiteboard was dirty.

Subordinate Clauses

-May start with a subordinating conjunction

Simple sentances:

The Thames finally ran dry

All hope was lost

The citizens ignored the warning signs

The ecology of the planet collapsed

Subordinate clause:

All hope was lost after the ecology of the planet collapsed.

The ecology of the planet collapsed after the citizens ignored the warning signs.

The Thames will dry unless the citizens don’t ignore the warning signs.

The ecology of the planet will collapse unless the Thames doesn’t run dry.

Now that the Thames finally has run dry all hope was lost.

Now that the ecology of the planet has collapsed all hope has been lost.

Before the ecology of the planet collapsed the Thames finally ran dry.

If the ecology of the planet collapsed the Thames would finally run dry.

Since the ecology of the planet collapsed the Thames finally ran dry.

Though the Thames finally ran all hope was not lost.

Paragraph rewritten in simple sentences – (Nineteen Eighty-Four, George Orwell)

It was a bright cold day in April. The clocks were striking thirteen. Winston Smith slipped quickly through the glass doors of Victory Mansions. His chin nuzzled into his breast. He did this in an effort to escape the vile wind. He was not quick enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him.

It was a bright cold day in April and the clocks were striking thirteen. Winston Smith entered, though not quickly enough to prevent a swirl of gritty dust from entering along with him, slipped through the glass doors of Victory Mansions, whose chin was nuzzled into his breast in an effort to escape the vile wind.

Imagery:

Has a chlorine smell. Small, rubbery, gold, black, green and reflective. Feels stretchy and sticky. Sounds squeaky. Suctions. Tastes musty and metallic. They could be used to protect your eyes from the sun. By looking into them they could be used as a mirror. They could even be used as a Christmas tree decoration for a passionate swimmer.

 

 

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